Credit ratings

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The presentations, releases, prospectuses and other information contained on this website (the 'Documentation') do not constitute an offer of or an invitation by RELX or any subsidiary in RELX (the 'Company') to subscribe for or purchase any securities (the 'Securities'). The Documentation should not be considered a recommendation by the Company to subscribe for or purchase any Securities. Furthermore, the Documentation speaks only as of its date, and the Company has no obligation or intention to update the Documentation. The reproduction or distribution of the Documentation may be restricted by law in certain jurisdictions. Persons who access the Documentation are required to inform themselves about and to observe any such restrictions as well as make their own determination with regard to any investment in any Securities.

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Guarantor
Standard & Poor's Moody's Fitch
RELX PLC (1) BBB+ (Stable) A-2 A3 (Stable) -  
BBB+ (Stable) F1
Issuing companies
  Standard & Poor's Moody's Fitch
RELX (Investments) plc BBB+ (Stable) A-2 A3 (Stable) P-2 BBB+ (Stable) F1
RELX Finance BV BBB+ (Stable) A-2 A3 (Stable) P-2 BBB+ (Stable) F1
RELX Inc. BBB+ (Stable) A-2 A3 (Stable) P-2 BBB+ (Stable) F1
Harcourt General, Inc. BBB+ (Stable) - Not rated - Not rated -
RELX Capital Inc. BBB+ (Stable) - A3 (Stable) - BBB+ (Stable) -

 
(1) On 8 September 2018, RELX NV was merged into RELX PLC by way of a cross-border merger. With effect from that date, RELX PLC became the sole guarantor of all debt instruments which were previously guaranteed joint and severally by RELX PLC and RELX NV.

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