(1) The debt originally issued by Harcourt General, Inc. is not guaranteed by RELX PLC.
(2) Includes debt issued in the name of Harcourt General, Inc. that was merged into RELX Inc. (formerly called Reed Elsevier Inc.) on 30 November 2002. As such, all Harcourt General, Inc. debt is an obligation of RELX Inc.; this debt was not part of the sale of the Harcourt Education businesses. The debt originally issued by Harcourt General, Inc. is not guaranteed by RELX PLC.
(3) During 2015 the following company names were changed: Reed Elsevier PLC to RELX PLC; Reed Elsevier (Investments) plc to RELX (Investments) plc; Reed Elsevier Inc. to RELX Inc. and Reed Elsevier Capital Inc. to RELX Capital Inc.
(4) On 8 September 2018, RELX NV was merged into RELX PLC by way of a cross-border merger. With effect from that date, RELX PLC became the sole guarantor of all debt instruments which were previously guaranteed joint and severally by RELX PLC and RELX NV.